Welcome to your Pastoralists in the modern world (Quiz)
1. What happened to some poorer pastoralists who struggled to survive?
2. What is a "kafila" in the context of the Gujjar Bakarwals' migration?
3. What do the Gujjar Bakarwals and Gaddi shepherds have in common?
4. What was the primary difference between the seasonal movements of the pastoralists in Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh and those in the mountains?
5. Why did pastoral groups often live on the edges of forests?
6. What was the colonial belief about the impact of grazing on forests?
7. How did the Raikas, a pastoral community, cope with the changes after 1947?
8. Why did the colonial government distrust nomadic communities like pastoralists and mobile traders?
9. Where do the Gujjar Bakarwals of Jammu and Kashmir migrate in winter?
10. What social change occurred within Maasai society during colonialism?
11. How did the colonial state affect the grazing lands of pastoralists?
12. How did colonial authorities view the pastoralists during the colonial period?
13. What was the effect of turning grazing lands into cultivated fields during colonial rule?
14. What do Maasai warriors carry as part of their traditional attire?
15. Why did colonial officials consider uncultivated lands to be ‘waste land’?
16. What happened to the best grazing lands of the Maasai after the colonial period?
17. What restriction was placed on pastoralists in many African regions during colonial rule?
18. How did the British colonial government alter Maasai society?
19. What did the colonial government do to expand its revenue income related to pastoralism?
20. Where do most African pastoralists, like the Maasai, live today?
21. Which area do the Gaddi shepherds of Himachal Pradesh migrate to in summer?
22. Where did the Dhangars move after harvesting their bajra in October?
23. What is the main occupation of nomadic pastoralists?
24. What is the primary occupation of the Raikas in Rajasthan?
25. According to the Royal Commission on Agriculture (1928), what was the impact of the extension of cultivated land on grazing areas?
26. What was one of the major challenges faced by the Maasai after colonial rule?
27. Which of the following is an example of a game reserve that was created over Maasai grazing land?
28. Why do the Gujjar buffaloes thrive in the upper ranges during the hot weather?
29. What problem did the Maasai face due to the loss of grazing lands and water resources?
30. What was the impact of the Forest Acts on pastoralists in the mid-nineteenth century?
31. What was the main activity of the Gollas, as described by Buchanan?
32. What did the Konkani peasants provide to the Dhangar shepherds?
33. What was the primary crop grown in the central plateau of Maharashtra where the Dhangars stayed during the monsoon?
34. Which of the following describes the typical pattern of migration for the Gujjars of Garhwal and Kumaon?
35. Why did the Dhangars leave the Konkan and return to the plateau with their flocks after the monsoon?
36. Why did nomadic pastoralists usually move their herds to different areas?
37. What was the purpose of the Criminal Tribes Act of 1871 in colonial India?
38. How has the modern world begun to recognize pastoral nomadism?
39. Which group of pastoralists reared buffaloes and moved between the dry plateau and coastal areas in Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh?
40. What role did the Dhangar flocks play in the Konkan region after the kharif harvest?
41. What did pastoralists do to adapt to the challenges brought on by colonialism and environmental changes?
42. What was one of the major issues faced by the Kaokoland herders in Namibia due to colonial policies?
43. How did the lives of wealthy Maasai chiefs differ from those of poor pastoralists during the colonial period?
44. What did some richer pastoralists do in response to the changes in their traditional lifestyle?
45. Where were the Banjaras primarily found?
