These are the NCERT questions and answers from Chapter 2 – Forest and Wildlife Resources. They are designed to help students clearly understand key concepts and learn how to write accurate, well-structured answers in exams. NCERT questions form the foundation of every chapter, and practicing them strengthens your basic understanding. Going through these solutions will help you learn how to present your answers effectively and improve your scores. It’s always wise to master these before moving on to extra or advanced-level questions.
Questions:-
Multiple choice questions
(i) Which of the following conservation strategies do not directly involve community participation?
(a) Joint forest management
(b) Beej Bachao Andolan
(c) Chipko Movement
(d) Demarcation of Wildlife sanctuaries
Answer
Match the following.
| Column A | Column B |
|---|---|
| (1) Reserved forests | (A) Other forests and wastelands belonging to both government and private individuals and communities. |
| (2) Protected forests | (B) Forests are regarded as most valuable as far as the conservation of forest and wildlife resources. |
| (3) Unclassed forests | (C) Forest lands are protected from any further depletion. |
(a) 1 → B, 2 → C, 3 → A
(b) 1 → C, 2 → B, 3 → A
(c) 1 → B, 2 → A, 3 → C
(d) 1 → A, 2 → C, 3 → B
Answer
3. Answer the following questions:-
(i) What is biodiversity? Why is biodiversity important for human lives?
Answer:- Biodiversity means different kinds of plants, animals, and microorganisms. It supports human life by giving food, medicine, and clean air. It keeps nature balanced and healthy for all living beings.
(ii) How have human activities affected the depletion of flora and fauna?
Answer:- People cut forests, build cities, mine land, and pollute water and air. These actions destroy animal homes and reduce plant life, causing a serious loss of biodiversity, which includes flora and fauna.
4. Answer the following Long answer type questions:-
(i) Describe how communities have conserved and protected forests and wildlife in India.
Answer:- Many communities in India have actively protected forests and wildlife through traditional and local methods. For example, in Rajasthan, the Bishnoi community protects blackbucks and forests as part of their religious belief. In the Sariska Tiger Reserve, villagers stopped mining activities by forming people’s groups. The Chipko Movement in the Himalayas showed how villagers, especially women, hugged trees to prevent their cutting. In Nagaland, local communities manage forest areas through tribal councils. Many tribal groups treat forests as sacred groves and do not allow hunting or cutting. These efforts show how community-led conservation can be powerful, low-cost, and sustainable, helping preserve biodiversity for future generations.
Note:- Not every answer should be written in points. If the question asks you to “describe” or “explain,” write in a paragraph with connected ideas. Use points only when the question clearly asks for a list or when it’s about steps, types, or reasons. Always check the wording of the question before choosing the format. Writing in the right style helps you score better in exams!
(ii) Write a note on good practices towards conserving forest and wildlife.
Answer:- Good practices towards conserving forest and wildlife are:-
1. Sacred Groves Protection: Many communities protect forests by declaring them sacred. No cutting or hunting is allowed in these groves.
2. Community Participation: People take part in forest management through programs like Joint Forest Management (JFM), helping in protection and sustainable use.
3. Reforestation Efforts: Planting trees in deforested areas and protecting young plants helps restore green cover and wildlife homes.
4. Regulated Resource Use: Using forest products like wood, fruits, and herbs in limited amounts prevents overuse and supports long-term availability.
5. Legal Protection: Laws like the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 ban hunting and set up protected areas like national parks and sanctuaries.
