We often face problems while learning the main points of answers, especially when difficult terms and complex sentences make concepts hard to understand and remember. This affects effective answer writing in exams. But now, you do not need to worry at all. This platform provides easy, clear, and exam-oriented solutions that simplify learning. Prepare with clarity, understand concepts better, and score higher with ease. Here are the NCERT Solutions of ‘Water Resources’ for class 10th.
NCERT – MCQS:
Q.1 Multiple choice questions.
(i) Based on the information given below classify each of the situations as ‘suffering from water scarcity’ or ‘not suffering from water scarcity’.
(a) Region with high annual rainfall.
Answer: Not suffering from water scarcity
(b) Region having high annual rainfall and large population.
Answer: Suffering from water scarcity (due to high demand)
(c) Region having high annual rainfall but water is highly polluted.
Answer: Suffering from water scarcity (water is unusable)
(d) Region having low rainfall and low population.
Answer: Not suffering from water scarcity (low demand balances low supply)
(ii) Which one of the following statements is not an argument in favour of multipurpose river projects?
(a) Multi-purpose projects bring water to those areas which suffer from water scarcity.
(b) Multi-purpose projects by regulating water flow helps to control floods.
(c) Multi-purpose projects lead to large scale displacements and loss of livelihood.
(d) Multi-purpose projects generate electricity for our industries and our homes.
Answer: (c) Multi-purpose projects lead to large scale displacements and loss of livelihood.
(iii) Here are some false statements. Identify the mistakes and rewrite them correctly.
(a) Multiplying urban centres with large and dense populations and urban lifestyles have helped in proper utilisation of water resources.
Answer: It is an incorrect statement as multiplying urban centres with large and dense populations and urban lifestyles have increased pressure and mismanagement of water resources.
(b) Regulating and damming of rivers does not affect the river’s natural flow and its sediment flow.
Answer: This statement is incorrect because regulating and damming of rivers affect the river’s natural flow and reduce sediment flow.
(c) Today in Rajasthan, the practice of rooftop rainwater water harvesting has gained popularity despite high water availability due to the Indira Gandhi Canal.
Answer: This statement is also incorrect. Today in Rajasthan, the practice of rooftop rainwater harvesting has declined due to high water availability from the Indira Gandhi Canal.
NCERT – Subjective Questions
Q.2 Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
a) Explain how water becomes a renewable resource.
Answer: Water is a renewable resource because it is continuously recycled through the water cycle involving evaporation, condensation and precipitation, which ensures a constant supply of water on the Earth.
b) What is water scarcity and what are its main causes?
Answer: Water scarcity is a situation where water availability is insufficient to meet demand. Its main causes include low rainfall, overuse of water, population growth, pollution, and poor water management systems.
c) Compare the advantages and disadvantages of multi-purpose river projects.
Answer: Multi-purpose river projects provide irrigation, electricity and flood control, but they also cause displacement, environmental damage, disturb natural river flow and create conflicts over water sharing.
Q.3 Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
a) Discuss how rainwater harvesting in semi-arid regions of Rajasthan is carried out.
Answer: In the semi-arid regions of Rajasthan, rainwater harvesting is practised through both rooftop systems for drinking water and traditional field-based structures for agriculture. The most common method is rooftop rainwater harvesting, widely used in towns and villages (especially in Bikaner, Phalodi and Barmer). Houses are built with sloping roofs that channel rainwater into underground storage tanks known as tankas. These tanks are connected to the roof through pipes. The initial rainfall is allowed to drain away to clean the roof and pipes, while water from later showers is collected and stored. This stored rainwater remains available during summer when other sources dry up and is considered clean and suitable for drinking. In rural areas, khadins (especially in Jaisalmer) and johads (other parts) are used to store rainwater and improve soil moisture for farming.
b) Describe how modern adaptations of traditional rainwater harvesting methods are being carried out to conserve and store water.
Answer: Traditional rainwater harvesting methods are still used, but now they are done with modern improvements to conserve and store more water. People collect rainwater from rooftops through pipes. They filter it and store it in covered tanks or underground sumps. People also make recharge pits and recharge wells. These help extra rainwater go into the ground and refill wells. Communities clean and deepen old ponds, johads and tanks. They also build small check dams to slow the flow of rainwater and store more runoff.
For Example: In Rajasthan, many homes use underground tankas connected to sloping roofs for drinking water. In Tamil Nadu, the government made rooftop rainwater harvesting compulsory, so most buildings install such systems. In Meghalaya, farmers use bamboo drip irrigation and improve it by fixing joints and controlling flow to reduce wastage. These improvements reduce water scarcity and ensure water availability during dry months.
