Assignment Questions:
Q.1 In What ways does the Government increase employment in the rural sector? (2) (Previously asked question twice)
Q.2 ‘Tertiary sector is different from other sectors.’ Justify the statement with suitable arguments. (3) (Previously asked question thrice)
Q.3 Explain the reasons for the growth of the service sector (tertiary sector) in India? (3) (Previously asked question)
Or
‘Tertiary sector is playing a significant role in the development of Indian Economy.’ Justify the statement. (5) (Previously asked question)
Q.4 Why is the tertiary sector becoming more important in India? Explain. (5) (Previously asked question twice)
Q.5 How do the workers of organised sector receive benefits of employment security? Explain with examples. (2)
Or What are the advantages of an organized sector for the workers? (Previously asked question)
Q.6 ”When a country develops, the contribution of primary sector declines and that of secondary and tertiary sector increases.” Analyse the statement. (5) (Previously asked question)
Q.7 Give two reasons to show that workers need protection in unorganized sector. (2) (Previously asked question)
Q.8 Using examples, compare and contrast the activities and functions of private and public sectors. (5) (Recently asked questions)
Answers:
Answer 1: The government increases rural employment by creating jobs in agriculture, offering training, supporting rural industries, building infrastructure, promoting self-employment, and providing financial aid for entrepreneurship, reducing rural unemployment and improving livelihoods.
Answer 2:
- The tertiary sector primarily deals with services, such as education and healthcare, contrasting with the production-focused primary and secondary sectors.
- Tertiary jobs are skill-based and involve providing intangible assistance rather than physical goods.
- The growth of the tertiary sector is essential for a country’s development and complements the other sectors, making it distinctive in its economic contribution.
Answer 3:
- Globalization: Increased demand for IT, outsourcing, and customer support services due to globalization.
- Rising Middle Class: A growing middle-class population has heightened the demand for healthcare, education, and entertainment services.
- Government Policies: Favorable government policies, promoting investments and skilled workforce development, have attracted foreign companies, significantly contributing to the growth of India’s service sector.
Answer 4:
- Rising Middle Class: Increased incomes and a growing middle class boost demand for services like healthcare, education, and entertainment.
- Globalization: Opportunities in IT services, BPO, and customer support attract foreign investments and create service sector jobs.
- Government Initiatives: Policies promoting skill development and ease of doing business encourage entrepreneurship and startups.
- Digital Transformation: The pandemic accelerated digital adoption, making online services and e-commerce more essential.
- Overall, changing consumer preferences, globalization, government support, and technology drive the tertiary sector’s growth in India.
Answer 5: Workers in the organized sector enjoy employment security through contracts and regulations. For example, government laws in India provide job protection to workers in industries like manufacturing, ensuring they can’t be fired without valid reasons or compensation, offering stability and income security.
Answer 6: As a country develops, the contribution of the primary sector diminishes while that of the secondary and tertiary sectors increases. Here’s an analysis of this phenomenon:
- Shift in Employment: In less developed economies, the primary sector (agriculture, mining, etc.) employs the majority. As development progresses, more people shift to the secondary (manufacturing) and tertiary (services) sectors due to evolving job opportunities.
- Technological Advancements: Economic development often involves increased mechanization and technological advancements. This leads to increased productivity in the primary sector, reducing the need for a large agricultural workforce.
- Rising Income Levels: Economic growth leads to higher incomes, boosting demand for manufactured goods (secondary sector) and services (tertiary sector) like education, healthcare, and entertainment.
- Urbanization: Development is accompanied by urbanization, with more people living in cities. Urban areas rely heavily on the secondary and tertiary sectors for jobs and services.
- Diversification: Developed countries diversify their economies, reducing dependence on the primary sector. This results in a decline in its relative contribution and an increase in secondary and tertiary sector activities.
Answer 7: Workers in the unorganized sector require protection because they often lack job security, exposing them to abrupt job loss. Additionally, they may face low wages and poor working conditions, highlighting the need for legal safeguards and social security measures.
Answer 8:
Ownership and Purpose:
- Private Sector: Owned by individuals or companies, driven by a profit motive.
- Public Sector: Owned by the government, serving public welfare and societal needs.
Competition and Efficiency:
- Private Sector: Faces competition and emphasizes efficiency for profitability.
- Public Sector: Less competitive, prioritizing equitable service delivery over profit.
Innovation and Research:
- Private Sector: Innovates for a market advantage and competitiveness.
- Public Sector: Focuses on research and innovation for the public benefit and societal progress.
Funding and Resources:
- Private Sector: Self-funded or relies on investors and shareholders.
- Public Sector: Funded through taxes and government budgets, utilizing public resources.
Service Delivery and Access:
- Private Sector: Offers goods and services with varying prices and accessibility.
- Public Sector: Strives to provide essential services universally, ensuring equitable access to education, healthcare, and infrastructure.