Looking to boost your exam score? Look no further! We’ve compiled a list of the most important questions from the chapter ‘Peace’ just for you. Get ready to ace that test!
Multiple Choice Questions along with answers:-
Q.1 What was Friedrich Nietzsche’s view on peace?
a) He valued peace as essential for civilization.
b) He believed peace was detrimental to individual heroism.
c) He glorified war and saw conflict as essential for the growth of civilization.
d) He saw peace as a vehicle for social vitality.
Answer: c) He glorified war and saw conflict as essential for the growth of civilization.
Q.2 According to Vilfredo Pareto, who were the ‘lions’ in society?
a) Those who promoted peace and stability.
b) Individuals who used peaceful means to achieve their goals.
c) Those who were able and willing to use force to achieve their goals.
d) Leaders who governed with fairness and justice.
Answer: c) Those who were able and willing to use force to achieve their goals.
Q.3 What significant events in the twentieth century contributed to the contemporary focus on peace?
a) The rise of democratic governments.
b) The rise of Fascism, Nazism, and the World Wars.
c) The global spread of technological advancements.
d) The rise of religious fundamentalism.
Answer: b) The rise of Fascism, Nazism, and the World Wars.
Q.4 How did the use of advanced technology impact warfare during the World Wars according to the text?
a) It led to fewer casualties and more precise attacks.
b) It resulted in unprecedented destruction and high civilian casualties.
c) It minimized the impact of war on civilians.
d) It led to diplomatic solutions rather than increased conflict.
Answer: b) It resulted in unprecedented destruction and high civilian casualties.
Q.5 What was one of the tragic outcomes of the atomic bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki?
a) The death of military personnel exclusively.
b) Immediate death of at least 1,20,000 people and many more due to radiation effects.
c) A decrease in global tensions and improved international relations.
d) The end of World War II without further casualties.
Answer: b) Immediate death of at least 1,20,000 people and many more due to radiation effects.
Q.6 What role did Mahatma Gandhi play in the discourse on peace?
a) He rejected the idea of peace and advocated for conflict.
b) He was a prominent advocate of peace in the modern era.
c) He focused primarily on economic development rather than peace.
d) He supported the use of force to achieve social goals.
Answer: b) He was a prominent advocate of peace in the modern era.
Q.7 What triggered the Cuban Missile Crisis of October 1962?
a) The discovery of American nuclear missiles in Cuba.
b) The discovery of Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba by American spy planes.
c) A naval blockade imposed by the USSR on Cuba.
d) A direct military confrontation between the USA and USSR in Cuba.
Answer: b) The discovery of Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba by American spy planes.
Q.8 What was the immediate response of the USA to the discovery of Soviet missiles in Cuba?
a) The USA initiated a military invasion of Cuba.
b) The USA organized a naval blockade of Cuba and threatened military action.
c) The USA proposed a peace treaty to the USSR.
d) The USA withdrew its own missiles from Turkey.
Answer: b) The USA organized a naval blockade of Cuba and threatened military action.
Q.9 What is a common but misleading definition of peace?
a) The presence of international cooperation.
b) The absence of war.
c) The presence of economic stability.
d) The lack of political unrest.
Answer: b) The absence of war.
Q.10 Why is the definition of peace as simply the absence of war considered misleading?
a) Because it does not account for non-armed conflicts like those in Rwanda or Bosnia.
b) Because it only applies to conflicts between countries.
c) Because it assumes that peace is the same everywhere.
d) Because it implies that war is always a result of political disputes.
Answer: a) Because it does not account for non-armed conflicts like those in Rwanda or Bosnia.
Q.11 What was one significant consequence of the Cold War era’s nuclear arms race?
a) The complete disarmament of nuclear weapons.
b) An increased focus on conventional military forces.
c) The stockpiling of nuclear weapons and heightened global tensions.
d) The establishment of permanent peace treaties between superpowers.
Answer: c) The stockpiling of nuclear weapons and heightened global tensions.
Q.12 What is ‘structural violence’?
a) Violence that occurs during conflicts between nations.
b) Violence rooted in social institutions and practices that reinforce inequalities in caste, class, and gender.
c) Random acts of violence without a systemic cause.
d) Acts of violence committed by individuals only.
Answer: b) Violence rooted in social institutions and practices that reinforce inequalities in caste, class, and gender.
Q.13 Which of the following is an example of structural violence related to caste hierarchy?
a) The absence of formal education in remote areas.
b) The practice of untouchability and social exclusion.
c) The unequal distribution of resources in a developing country.
d) A general lack of infrastructure development.
Answer: b) The practice of untouchability and social exclusion.
Q.14 What does the term ‘communalism’ refer to in the South Asian context?
a) Racial discrimination against non-white communities.
b) Discrimination and oppression faced by minority religious groups.
c) Economic exploitation of workers.
d) Political conflicts between different parties.
Answer: b) Discrimination and oppression faced by minority religious groups.
Q.15 According to UNESCO, where must the defences of peace be constructed?
a) In the political institutions of a country.
b) In the minds of men.
c) Through military strength.
d) By international treaties.
Answer: b) In the minds of men.
Q.16 How did Gandhi’s view of non-violence differ from the common perception?
a) He believed non-violence only meant physical restraint.
b) He considered non-violence to involve only passive resistance.
c) He saw non-violence as requiring both physical and mental restraint and active compassion.
d) He thought non-violence was a form of weakness and cowardice.
Answer: c) He saw non-violence as requiring both physical and mental restraint and active compassion.
Q.17 What is a major argument against the division of the world into separate sovereign states?
a) It ensures uniform laws and policies across the globe.
b) It often leads to the protection of self-interest at the expense of others.
c) It promotes international cooperation and unity.
d) It simplifies global trade agreements and regulations.
Answer: b) It often leads to the protection of self-interest at the expense of others.
Q.18 How can states sometimes misuse their instruments of coercion and force?
a) By using them to protect their citizens exclusively.
b) By deploying them to suppress dissent and control their own members.
c) By enhancing democratic processes and accountability.
d) By focusing solely on external threats and conflicts.
Answer: b) By deploying them to suppress dissent and control their own members.
Q.19 What was the justification given by Iraq for its invasion of Kuwait in 1990?
a) Kuwait was historically part of Iraq and had been arbitrarily separated.
b) Kuwait was accused of violating international trade agreements.
c) Kuwait was found to be involved in human rights abuses.
d) Iraq sought to establish a new democratic government in Kuwait.
Answer: a) Kuwait was historically part of Iraq and had been arbitrarily separated.
Q.20 What was Martin Luther King Jr.’s primary struggle in the 1960s?
a) Fighting against authoritarian regimes.
b) Waging a battle against anti-Black racial discrimination in the USA.
c) Advocating for the division of states to ensure peace.
d) Supporting military interventions to promote democracy.
Answer: b) Waging a battle against anti-Black racial discrimination in the USA.
Q.21 How did the major European countries in the nineteenth century manage competition among them?
a) By forming a supra-national government
b) By focusing on economic cooperation
c) By creating alliances that deterred potential aggressors
d) By promoting globalisation
Answer: c) By creating alliances that deterred potential aggressors
Q.22 Which of the following United Nations bodies reflects the prevalent international hierarchy?
a) Economic and Social Council
b) Security Council
c) Commission on Human Rights
d) General Assembly
Answer: b) Security Council
Q.23 The Economic and Social Council of the United Nations primarily promotes:
a) Military intervention
b) Inter-state cooperation in several spheres
c) Permanent membership for dominant states
d) The use of veto power
Answer: b) Inter-state cooperation in several spheres
Q.24 What recent event is cited as an example of dominant states asserting their sovereignty through direct military action?
a) The intervention in Rwanda
b) The disintegration of the USSR
c) US intervention in Afghanistan and Iraq
d) The creation of nuclear-weapon-free zones
Answer: c) US intervention in Afghanistan and Iraq
Q.25 The demolition of the World Trade Centre on 11 September 2001 was carried out by:
a) Hutus in Rwanda
b) Islamic militants
c) The UN peace-keeping forces
d) The US military
Answer: b) Islamic militants
Q.26 The rise of terrorism is partly a response to:
a) The formation of nuclear-weapon-free zones
b) The aggressive and self-serving conduct of dominant states
c) The disintegration of the USSR
d) The establishment of the United Nations
Answer: b) The aggressive and self-serving conduct of dominant states
Q.27 Which African country witnessed the genocide of nearly half a million Tutsis by Hutus in 1994?
a) Sudan
b) Rwanda
c) Somalia
d) Ethiopia
Answer: b) Rwanda
Q.28 How did the international community respond to the genocide in Rwanda?
a) They immediately intervened to stop the massacre.
b) They refused to authorise a UN peace-keeping operation.
c) They deployed military forces to protect the Tutsis.
d) They successfully prevented the genocide.
Answer: b) They refused to authorise a UN peace-keeping operation.
Q.29 What do nuclear-weapon-free zones ban through an internationally recognised treaty?
a) The use, development, or deployment of nuclear weapons
b) The establishment of military forces
c) The creation of the United Nations
d) The practice of pacifism
Answer: a) The use, development, or deployment of nuclear weapons
Q.30 Which regions or territories are included in nuclear-weapon-free zones?
a) North America and Europe
b) Antarctica, Latin America, and the Caribbean
c) The Middle East and Central Asia
d) East Asia and the Indian subcontinent
Answer: b) Antarctica, Latin America, and the Caribbean