Gender, Religion and Caste | Important Assertion & Reason Questions 

Q.1 Assertion (A): Gender division is based on social expectations and stereotypes, not biology.
Reason (R): The gender division of labour is natural and unchangeable.

a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) A is false, but R is true.

Answer: c) A is true, but R is false.

Explanation: Gender roles are not natural but based on social stereotypes.

Q.2 Assertion (A): In most families, there is a sexual division of labour where women do housework and men work outside.
Reason (R): Men believe that household work is not their responsibility.

a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) A is false, but R is true.

Answer: a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Social beliefs lead men to avoid household work, which creates a gendered division of labour.

Q.3 Assertion (A): Gender division is considered natural and unchangeable.
Reason (R): It is based on biological differences between men and women.
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer: c) A is true, but R is false.
Explanation: Gender division is based on social expectations and stereotypes, not biological differences.

Q.4 Assertion (A): Women’s domestic work is often not valued or recognised.
Reason (R): Domestic work does not contribute to the economy.
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer: c) A is true, but R is false.
Explanation: Domestic work contributes greatly but is not counted in economic terms.

Q.5 Assertion (A): Women’s participation in public life has been limited.
Reason (R): For a long time, women were not allowed to vote or contest elections.
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) A is false, but R is true.

Answer: a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Historical denial of voting rights led to low public participation.

Q.6 Assertion (A): Feminist movements aim to bring equality in personal, family, political and professional life.
Reason (R): These movements believe that women face social discrimination due to gender-based division.
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer: a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Feminist movements challenge gender-based stereotypes and work for equality.

Q.7 Assertion (A): The Equal Remuneration Act ensures that men and women get the same salary for the same work.
Reason (R): In reality, women are still often paid less than men for the same job.
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer: b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The Act legally mandates equal pay, but it is poorly enforced.

Q.8 Assertion (A): One-third of the seats in local government bodies in India are reserved for women.
Reason (R): Women’s representation in politics is necessary for addressing their issues effectively.
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer: a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Reservations help increase women’s political participation and address their concerns.

Q.9 Assertion (A): The Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam provides reservation for women in Lok Sabha and State Assemblies.
Reason (R): The bill ensures 33% seats are reserved for women at all levels of elected government.
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer: a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: This 2023 law aims to enhance women’s representation in key legislative bodies.

Q.10 Assertion (A): Religion can play a positive role in politics.
Reason (R): Moral values drawn from religion can guide ethical political actions.
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer: a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Gandhiji believed religion-based ethics can guide politics positively.

Q.11 Assertion (A): Communalism believes that followers of different religions cannot live together in one nation.
Reason (R): Communalism promotes the idea that religious interests always match national interest.
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer: c) A is true, but R is false.
Explanation: Communalism divides people based on religion, while national interest unites them as citizens of one nation.

Q.12 Assertion (A): Secularism is necessary in a country with religious diversity like India.
Reason (R): A secular state treats all religions equally and does not favor any religion.
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer: a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Secularism helps maintain equality and peace in a multi-religious society.

Q.13 Assertion (A): Political mobilization on religious lines can lead to communal violence.
Reason (R): Political parties often appeal to religious sentiments for votes.
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer: a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Mobilizing voters using religious identity often increases tension and conflict.

Q.14 Assertion (A): Caste system in India was based on exclusion and discrimination.
Reason (R): The caste system promoted hereditary occupational divisions sanctioned by rituals.

a. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true, but R is false.
d. A is false, but R is true.

Answer: a. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The caste system excluded lower castes and treated them as inferior. This was justified through ritual-based hereditary roles, making R the correct explanation.

Q.15 Assertion (A): Caste has completely disappeared from modern India.
Reason (R): Economic development and urbanisation have reduced caste-based practices.

a. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is false, but R is true.
d. Both A and R are false.

Answer: c. A is false, but R is true.
Explanation: Caste still exists in practices like endogamy and unequal access. While R is true (urbanisation has reduced caste rigidity), it hasn’t ended it completely, so A is false.

Q.16 Assertion (A): Caste can be a decisive factor in electoral politics.
Reason (R): Political parties often select candidates considering the caste composition of constituencies.

a. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true, but R is false.
d. A is false, but R is true.

Answer: a. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Parties often field candidates from dominant castes in a region to secure votes, proving caste matters in elections.

Q.17 Assertion (A): Elections in India are only about caste.
Reason (R): Most political parties are based on caste and favour one particular caste.

a. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is false, but R is true.
d. Both A and R are false.

Answer: c. A is false, but R is true.
Explanation: While some parties may favour a caste, elections are not only about caste. Voters also consider development, leadership, and performance.

Q.18 Assertion (A): Caste continues to be linked to economic status in India.
Reason (R): Historically, upper castes had access to education and resources.

a. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true, but R is false.
d. A is false, but R is true.

Answer: a. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The historical privilege of upper castes in education led to better opportunities, linking caste with economic status even today.

Q.19 Assertion (A): Caste gets politicised in the process of political competition.
Reason (R): Caste groups engage in dialogue and negotiation with other castes to gain power.

a. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true, but R is false.
d. A is false, but R is true.

Answer: a. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Caste groups try to form coalitions and alliances for political gain, which leads to politicisation of caste. So, R explains A correctly.

Q.20 Assertion (A): Caste politics has only negative effects on Indian democracy.
Reason (R): It always leads to violence and conflict among communities.

a. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true, but R is false.
d. Both A and R are false.

Answer: d. Both A and R are false.
Explanation: Caste politics has both positive (empowerment of OBCs and Dalits) and negative effects. So, both statements are false.