Author: Preeti

Introduction: In the previous chapter you learnt about Democracy. You came to know its meaning and how it is different from Non democracy. This chapter will help you to know Constitutional design of a democracy. Also the need of Constitution to run a country well. We will also know who designs them and in what […]

Introduction: The World we see today was totally different thousand years back. Not only Geographically but changes took place in economical, political and cultural nature too. So let’s discuss some of the changes over thousand years. Changes In Indian Map: You can see the difference in both Maps (Map 01 and 02). Not only maps […]

The chapter ‘Forest and Wildlife Resources’ has been revised in the 2025–26 syllabus, and many old topics have been deleted from board exam scope. However, you may still see some of these removed portions in this material — only as additional details meant for students who enjoy deeper understanding or wish to connect broader concepts. […]

Introduction: You may know about world history that is full of battles, revolutions, struggle and demands. It is so vast and complex that you cannot recall the entire past at once. So, to make this lengthy and confusing past easy, History of some important events has been divided into different chapters. You must have learnt […]

Introduction: The modern world has plenty of options to choose from. You (consumer) can easily get access to the domestic as well as International markets. If you look into the past, you will notice the transformation of the whole world into a global village. This is due to Globalization. In this lesson, you will be […]

Introduction: Money is everybody’s need. Since, every single day we purchase one thing or another to meet consumption needs. No one can even imagine spending a day without money. So how money took place and why we prefer money over old system of exchange. These are the things you will know about money in elaboration […]

Introduction: From the year when you begin studying Civics, you found what form of government do we have and how it functions through federal system. No individual has given extreme power. But everyone is equally a part of it. Apart from this, you also studied about whole structure thoroughly. This chapter will lead you to […]

Introduction: Through this chapter, we are going to know the needs, functions, role and challenges to the political parties. In any democratic country, political parties do not only play a significant role in the political system of the country but also have a major role in the growth of the economy as well as the […]

Introduction: You may know, for everyday consumption we need different materials and services. They are either available in our surroundings or we bring them from other places. When we move goods from one place to another, we make use of transport.( Transportation can be done through air, water, land) And the people engaged in facilitating […]

Introduction: The Economy develops when all three sectors which are linked to each other, work with coordination and help each sector to grow well. Each sector has its own significance. In this chapter we will read about the role of manufacturing Industries under the secondary sector. Manufacturing: Production of goods in large quantities after processing […]