Here are the Assertion & Reason Questions of Chapter 4 ‘Agriculture’. These questions will help you practice different types of questions which can be asked in exams.
Must practice these Assertion/Reason questions
Q.1 Assertion (A): Agriculture is a primary activity in India that supports most of the population.
Reason (R): Two-thirds of India’s population is engaged in agricultural activities.
a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A
b) Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
c) A is true, R is false
d) A is false, R is true
Answer: a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A
Explanation: Since a major part of India’s population depends on farming, it is rightly considered a primary activity.
Q.2 Assertion (A): Primitive subsistence farming is dependent on modern tools and technologies.
Reason (R): Farmers use tools like hoe, dao, and digging sticks.
a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A
b) Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
c) A is false, R is true
d) A is true, R is false
Answer: c) A is false, R is true
Explanation: Primitive subsistence farming uses traditional tools, not modern technology.
Q.3 Assertion (A): Jhumming is a form of slash and burn agriculture practised in northeastern India.
Reason (R): This method allows the natural restoration of soil fertility.
a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A
b) Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
c) A is false, R is true
d) A is true, R is false
Answer: a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A
Explanation: Jhumming involves clearing land by burning and later allowing soil fertility to recover naturally.
Q.4 Assertion (A): Rabi crops are sown in winter and harvested in summer.
Reason (R): These crops require low temperatures for germination and grow well with winter precipitation.
a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A
b) Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
c) A is true, R is false
d) A is false, R is true
Answer: a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A
Explanation: Rabi crops like wheat and barley thrive in cold winters and benefit from western cyclonic rainfall.
Q.5 Assertion (A): Paddy is a kharif crop.
Reason (R): It requires high temperature and rainfall for its growth.
a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A
b) Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
c) A is true, R is false
d) A is false, R is true
Answer: a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A
Explanation: Paddy needs hot, humid conditions and lots of water, which are available during the kharif (monsoon) season.
Q.6 Assertion (A): India grows a variety of food and non-food crops.
Reason (R): Different regions in India have varied soils, climates, and farming practices.
a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A
b) Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
c) A is true, R is false
d) A is false, R is true
Answer: a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A
Explanation: Physical and cultural diversity causes variation in cropping patterns.
Q.7 Assertion (A): Millets like jowar and bajra can be grown in areas with less fertile soil and low rainfall.
Reason (R): These crops are highly dependent on irrigation and HYV seeds.
a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A
b) Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
c) A is true, R is false
d) A is false, R is true
Answer: c) A is true, R is false
Explanation: Millets are hardy and grow in dry, low-input conditions. They do not heavily depend on irrigation or HYVs.
Q.8 Assertion (A): Maize is a versatile crop used for both food and fodder.
Reason (R): It grows well in old alluvial soil with temperatures between 21°C to 27°C.
a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A
b) Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
c) A is true, R is false
d) A is false, R is true
Answer: a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A
Explanation: The climatic and soil conditions suit maize growth, supporting its dual use for food and fodder.
Q.9 Assertion (A): Pulses help improve soil fertility.
Reason (R): All pulses are leguminous crops and fix nitrogen in the soil.
a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A
b) Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
c) A is true, R is false
d) A is false, R is true
Answer: a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A
Explanation: Arhar (tur) is an exception—it does not fix nitrogen, though others do.
Q.10 Assertion (A): Sugarcane is a tropical as well as subtropical crop.
Reason (R): It requires cool climate and very low rainfall to grow.
a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A
b) Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
c) A is true, R is false
d) A is false, R is true
Answer: c) A is true, R is false
Explanation: Sugarcane needs hot and humid climate, not cool and dry conditions.
Q.11 Assertion (A): Groundnut is a major oilseed crop of India grown during the kharif season.
Reason (R): It is mainly grown in Gujarat, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu.
a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A
b) Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
c) A is true, R is false
d) A is false, R is true
Answer: a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A
Explanation: Groundnut is a kharif crop, and these states are its top producers.
Q.12 Assertion (A): Green Revolution led to an increase in agricultural production in India.
Reason (R): Green Revolution introduced high-yielding variety (HYV) seeds and modern technology.
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true, R is false
d) A is false, R is true
Answer: a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation: The Green Revolution did increase agricultural production in India, especially for wheat and rice. This was possible due to the introduction of HYV seeds, irrigation facilities, fertilizers, and modern equipment — exactly what the Reason states. So, R correctly explains A.
