These case-based questions from Agriculture are designed to test your understanding and application skills. Regular practice will make you confident, improve your speed and accuracy, and help you score full marks in the board exams.
Case Based Questions
Q.1 Read the given extract carefully and answer the following questions.
Mahatma Gandhi declared Vinoba Bhave as his spiritual heir. He also participated in Satyagraha as one of the foremost satyagrahis. He was one of the votaries of Gandhi’s concept of gram swarajya. After Gandhiji’s martyrdom, Vinoba Bhave undertook padyatra to spread Gandhiji’s message covered almost the entire country. Once, when he was delivering a lecture at Pochampalli in Andhra Pradesh, some poor landless villagers demanded some land for their economic well-being. Vinoba Bhave could not promise it to them immediately but assured them to talk to the Government of India regarding provision of land for them if they undertook cooperative farming. Suddenly, Shri Ram Chandra Reddy stood up and offered 80 acres of land to be distributed among 80 land-less villagers. This act was known as ‘Bhoodan’. Later he travelled and introduced his ideas widely all over India. Some zamindars, owners of many villages offered to distribute some villages among the landless. It was known as Gramdan. However, many land-owners chose to provide some part of their land to the poor farmers due to the fear of land ceiling act. This Bhoodan-Gramdan movement initiated by Vinoba Bhave is also known as the Blood-less Revolution.
i) Who declared Vinoba Bhave as his spiritual heir? (1)
Answer: M.K. Gandhi
ii) What problem did the Pochampalli villagers place before Vinoba Bhave? (1)
Answer:- Land for landless villagers’ livelihood.
iii) Differentiate between Bhoodan and Gramdan. (2)
Answer:- Bhoodan means voluntary donation of individual land to landless people. And Gramdan means Voluntary donation of entire villages’ land for community distribution.
Q.2 Read the given extract and answer the following questions:
Jhumming: The ‘slash and burn’ agriculture is known as ‘Milpa’ in Mexico and Central America, ‘Conuco’ in Venzuela, ‘Roca’ in Brazil, ‘Masole’ in Central Africa, ‘Ladang’ in Indonesia, ‘Ray’ in Vietnam. In India, this primitive form of cultivation is called ‘Bewar’ or ‘Dahiya’ in Madhya Pradesh, ‘Podu’ or ‘Penda’ in Andhra Pradesh, ‘Pama Dabi’ or ‘Koman’ or Bringa’ in Odisha, ‘Kumari’ in Western Ghats, ‘Valre’ or ‘Waltre’ in South-eastern Rajasthan, ‘Khil’ in the Himalayan belt, ‘Kuruwa’ in Jharkhand, and ‘Jhumming’ in the North-eastern region.
(i) How is primitive subsistence agriculture related with Jhumming? (1)
Answer: Jhumming is the primitive subsistence method of slash-and-burn (shifting) cultivation. It is the local name used in India’s North-East.
(ii) The ‘slash and burn’ agriculture is known as ‘Conuco’ in which country? (1)
Answer: Venezuela.
(iii) List any four Indian regional names of ‘slash-and-burn’ agriculture with the state/region where each is used. (2)
Answer: ‘Milpa’ in Mexico and Central America, ‘Conuco’ in Venzuela, ‘Roca’ in Brazil, ‘Masole’ in Central Africa, ‘Ladang’ in Indonesia, ‘Ray’ in Vietnam
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